Tools for Running Tree and Lumber Calculations

Jeff Brokaw is webmaster and creator of The Timber Buyers Network (TBN) which is a growing resource for people interested in forestry in the North Central States. His site hosts a fledgling forum and increasingly provides much needed information for forest owners and loggers in Michigan and surrounding states. Jeff has worked in the Wood biz for 22 years. His primary occupation is head sawyer for a large north central Michigan mill. Jeff is also an accomplished artist and has sketches on display from as far away as the United Kingdom. His interest in art is what led him into designing websites, and in a natural progression (for him), led to the creation of TBN . In his designing and messing with forestry things, Jeff, with forester Ron Wenrich, have designed several quick calculators to help you with simple estimates. You might never need your cruiser stick or volume tables again. Ill let Jeff describe each calculator: Tree Volume Calculator was designed to help answer the general question How much lumber is in my tree? This will give the landowner a close answer. Variables that we cant add, such as individual tree form, will always be a factor in determining volume. (Outputs in Doyle, Scribner and International scales)Use this calculator Board Footage Calculator is a handy little tool, not only in helping the landowner determine board footage needed for a project, but also a tool for the lumber producer to get a quick measurement on lumber sawn.Use this calculator Log Volumes Calculator is used to help a landowner measure the volume of a saw log just the way its done upon arrival at the mill. A specialized scale stick is not necessary, just a tape measure or ruler, and this handy calculator. (Outputs in Doyle, Scribner and International scale.)Use this calculator Tree Spacing Calculator is a great tool for determining seedlings needed per acre at a specified spacing, or estimating numbers of trees in a plantation setting.Use this calculator Hardwood Pulp Calculator will calculate the volume for non-saw log trees or Pulpwood. The calculator can return its output in cords, cubic feet, tons, cubic meters and metric tons.Use this calculator Lumber and Log Weight Calculator is a very, very, general estimator of weight by species per cord and B.F. It includes an explanation why weights can vary by many percentage points on similar volumes. Limited use for very rough estimates.Use this calculator Jeff is also the webmaster for several other forestry related sites. Those sites include The Michigan Association of Timbermen www.timbermen.org , The Michigan Forest Resource Alliance www.mfra.org and the Michigan Branch of the Sustainable Forest Initiative Programs website. www.michiganforest.com

Bio Anthro - 1721 Words

1.) In a plant having two carried alleles for the color of a flower in a gene, with P for purple and p for white, the three possible combinations which might exist in any one plant are PP making a purple plant, pp to make a white plant, or Pp resulting in a ‘hybrid’ plant. 2.) Out of the genotypes PP, Pp, pp, the resultant flower colors are (as described above in exercise 1) are purple (for PP,) purple or purplish-white (for Pp- likely purple as it is dominant, or a mixture of the colors,) or white (for the case of pp.) PP and pp, the purple and white flowers, are referred to as homozygous. In the case of PP this is homozygous dominant, and in the case of pp this is homozygous recessive. The case of Pp must be considered different, and is†¦show more content†¦Answering the second question, there is a 50 percent chance of a colorblind son; answering the third question, there is a 25 percent change of colorblind daughter. (Fourth:) There is a change of normal vision: a 25 percent of a carrier. (Fifth:) According to the square, there is no chance of a normal son. 7.) A: The genotypes are TTCC, TTCc, TtCC, and TtCc. B: The genotypes are ttCC and ttCC. C: The genotypes are TTcc and Ttcc. D: This genotype would be ttcc. E: This genotype would be TtCc. F: Such a person could produce TT, Tt, tt, CC, Cc, and cc gametes. Critical questions 1.) The difference between incomplete dominance and codominance is the level of sharing. In codominance the dominant trait is shared, while in incomplete dominance the dominant is not completely expressed in the genotype. Though the result may be similar in the phenotype, the cause of this is different, which is a reason that this concept is so important to understand. 2.) When a trait is sex linked, this means that it is linked to the chromosome of the gender. This does not mean the trait is passed through sex (however it is,) but rather refers to the X and Y chromosomes. Some traits are only specific to Y chromosomes or a combination of X and Y (or not be expressed when only onShow MoreRelatedCase Study814 Words   |  4 Pagessaid with a puzzled look on her face. You are modified as well? She asked, trying to wrap her head around the concept. From what she overheard in the board room about his company an what he had told her in the lab, she knew that his business was in bio-tech, but not sure how he became the head of it. She chewed on her lip as he spoke, glancing up as he stroked her chin.Well, what the hell, maybe I should. FX-01 thought to herself as he extended his leg toward her. She gave a sharp grin and reachedRead More Comparing How Various Anthropologists Discovered Anthropology as a Career2285 Words   |  10 PagesG. Cultural Anthropology. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1983. Hortense Powdermaker. Women Anthropologists: A Biographical Dictionary. 1988. http://www.primate.wise.edu/pin/legkey http://www.anatomy.su.oz.au/danLiy/anthropology/anthroSHY;1/bioSHY;graphies/thorton Linguistics. Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology: vol. 1, 1996. Linguistics. The New Encyclopedia Britannica: vol. 7, 1993. Mead, Margaret. Leaders of Modem Anthropology: Ruth Benedict. New York: Columbia

Weekly Topics Free Essays

Topics for in-class Debates Chapter 1 â€Å"Mason talked about self-actualization as the zenith of human fulfillment. You can only fulfill yourself by owning your future. That’s what entrepreneurs do. We will write a custom essay sample on Weekly Topics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore if you are not an entrepreneur, you will never be any good† – discuss pro and against. Chapter 2 â€Å"In order to succeed in business, you must first slay three dragons – family, friends and religion† – discuss pro and against. Chapter 4 â€Å"The ends will always Justify the meaner. If you own face book no one cares if you are a good bloke† – Discuss pro and against. Chapter 5 â€Å"Anyone can be an entrepreneur. Ideas are like the police. There is always one around the next corner† – Discuss pro and against. Chapter 6 â€Å"Entrepreneurs are made not born† – Discuss pro and against. Chapter 9 â€Å"Entrepreneur or manager, you can’t be both† – discuss pro and against. Chapter 10 Mimi don’t need to be an entrepreneur to sell rice to China. You Just need a good advertising agency’ – discuss pro and against. Chapter 13 â€Å"A good lawyer can make anything ethical, given enough money and political influence† – discuss pro and against. Chapter 14 1 . â€Å"The best entrepreneurs are White, Christian and come from First World cultures† – discuss pro and against. Chapter 16 ‘Every plan fails contact’ – Erwin Roomer. Business plans are useless – Discuss pro and against. Chapter 8 â€Å"The bigger the ship, the harder it is to turn. You can’t change big bureaucratic companies internally’ – Discuss pro and against. How to cite Weekly Topics, Papers

Crisis Intervention Implementing Crisis

Question: Discuss about the Crisis Interventionfor Implementing Crisis. Answer: Introduction Implementing crisis intervention theory approaches into actual practice often faces unforeseen obstacles. There is need for both insight and foresight in order for crisis intervention to be successful. While applying the 7-task hybrid model for crisis intervention as advanced by Myer, James Moulton, 2011) is necessary, the process has a number of challenges. This report presents a definition of crisis the impacts of crisis, a description of the 7stage hybrid model for crisis intervention, the challenges of using the model for and the possible solutions to the challenges above have also been provided in the report. Explanation of Crisis A crisis refers to not only a traumatic situation and/or event affecting an individual or group, but also refers to how a person reacts to this particular event. According to Kendra (2016), a crisis includes obstacles, threats and trauma, and majorly, provides individuals with a chance to either grow or decline in their functioning. A person is said to be in a crisis when faced with an obstacle to crucial targets in their lives. Crises present as an upset in the equilibrium where an individuals customary approaches to problem-solving fail and thus resulting into disorganization, confusion, feelings of hopelessness, panic, sadness among others (Myer et al, 2013). A crisis could also be described as a perception and/or experience of events as intolerable difficulties which exceed ones individual existing resources and their coping approaches. There are different types of psychological crises. Developmental crisis as the first example occur as a one of the processes of ones growth and d evelopment through the different periods of life (Brown, 2007). Secondly, a situational crisis is the one that is sudden and is not expected. Further, existential crises include conflicts that relate to issues like ones purpose in life, general direction, and their spirituality. Usually, crises can be very obvious and include situations like loss of jobs, being divorced, and falling victim to an accident among others. Crisis Impact on a Persons Functioning The first category of crisis impacts includes the affective impacts. This category includes feelings that result from the onset and the aftermath of a crisis. For instance, survivor guilt among those who survived particular crises can be overwhelming for an individual. Survivor guilt persists longer in ones post traumatic life as they keep recalling the effect of the crises upon them and others who did not survive (Myer et al, 2013). Feelings of lost hope in life and in the functioning of particular social, economic and cultural systems are also among the effects of crisis. Disbelief as an impact brings about denial among individual victims and if not controlled, individuals may choose to avoid any initiatives to intervene in their situation (Kendra, 2016). Further, emotional numbing as an impact of a crisis presents with a breakdown in ones emotional wellbeing. As a result, individuals can choose to overreact or remain emotionless in response to a particular crisis. Secondly, behavioral impacts include first, irritability, anger and moodiness. Individuals become irritable in relationships between them and family, workmates, friends among others. Moodiness and anger can even bring up more conflicts in these relationships as partners find it difficult to cope with these individuals. Victims of crises such as battering, suicide and homicides for instance develop hyper-vigilance (Brown, 2007). In this regard, a victim can become too obsessed with ensuring that there is no factor that can bring about a similar crisis in the future (Brown, 2007). Further, individuals affected by crises choose to indulge in excessive consumption of alcohol, among other drugs such as bhang. Individuals have nightmares and sleep disturbances during and after crises and this influences their functionality in crucial duties in a particular work environment. Thirdly, the cognitive impacts include the effects of crisis on an individuals thinking patterns. These include also their physical, psychological and further, their social relationships. Individuals undergoing post-traumatic stress disorder present with social withdrawal (Kendra, 2016). Victims of rape and battering for instance choose to withdraw from their social relationship. This is brought about by the feeling of inadequacy and thus a need to be left alone to develop their emotional barriers to such stresses. Marital relationships sometimes break as a result of particular crises within families. Description of Myer, James Moultons 7-Task Hybrid Model Of Crisis Intervention Myer, James Moultons 7-task hybrid model of crisis intervention comprises of the different activities that individuals and related institutions can carry out in order to intervene in any given crises. The first task includes creation and/or initiation of the initial contact with a crisis client (Buda, 2008). The process involves establishing a connection between the two parties psychologically. It is normal that some clients may not talk while others can be uncontrollable and unaware of the presence of a crisis worker. Therefore, crisis workers need to engage in a way which can make clients receptive to particular intervention. At this point, the crisis worker establishes a therapeutic bond where they inform the client regarding their expectations and the intended purpose of interventions. The second task in the model is problem exploration where the intervening party defines the crisis. Definition of a crisis involves the identification of the real crisis and outlining the possible impacts on the victims and/or perpetrators of the crisis (Buda, 2008). This step also involves identifying everyone affected by the crisis including any of their special perception of the crisis impacts on self and upon their families. The intervention should thus narrow down to particular needs for the affected individuals and these include need for psychological, social, logistical and further, emotional support (Walsh, 2007). This determines the action points for the intervention program with an intention to ensure effectiveness and efficiency in the intervention exercise. The third task involves providing support to those affected by the crisis. This involves activities such as psychological, logistical, and social and information support provision. The intervening party relies on the needs identified to provide support and relieve to individuals who are undergoing certain crisis and those with post-traumatic stress disorder. Once a crisis has been clearly recognized and defined, it is usually easier to implement the intervention measures (Walsh, 2007). The intervention thus examines the primary support system of the client in order to provide them basic needs like food, water and shelter. These resources could be scarce and inaccessible to clients. In some occasions, the clients can be ashamed to seek for a particular support and thus unwilling to make an initiative to find self-help during and after a crisis. Fourthly, the intervening party carries out an examination of any possible interventions. At one point clients usually think that they have limited options. However, situational support, their coping mechanisms and positive patterns of thinking can help in brainstorming numerous alternatives. This process should be continuous as the clients conditions keep changing rapidly. Examining the interventions being implemented is a crucial task as it determines the effectiveness of the different intervention measures (Evans et al, 2011). This examination ensures that the interventions are in line with the necessary procedures and that they meet the expected targets. Interventions that have been successful need to be sustained, to ensure that cleints are comfortable and satisfied. The fifth task involves the planning aimed at reestablishing the control of the crisis. Planning in this case considers the already existing intervention methods and the individuals involved. Identification of necessary resources is done to provide clients with immediate support, and the development of coping mechanisms (Myer et al, 2013). Good plans should be created by clients and should be realistic in nature, behaviorally specific and immediately implementable. Further, plans enable a client to be autonomous and become mobile in seeking for support from the intervention programs available. According to this model, the sixth task includes obtaining of commitment from different parties and/or groups to averting the crisis in progress or in the future recurrence. Once planning has been effectively done, it is easier to obtain commitment from clients and stakeholders. The client should verbally summarize their specific individual plans. Where there is need for lethal involvement, the client should be asked to write a commitment to be signed by themselves and the intervention experts (Evans et al, 2011). Where there is no hesitation, the intervention workers should revisit the earlier tasks. However, it is necessary that crisis workers should not impose any commitment upon their clients. The seventh task involves a thorough follow up in order to check the effectiveness and the efficiency of the plans put in place in the intervention process. This involves a special inquiry regarding the ability of the client to maintaining both mobility and equilibrium (Walsh, 2007). This process helps in reinforcing the crisis workers support upon the client. It also helps in ensuring that the plan which the client has chosen to follow is pursued effectively. The crisis worker thus tries to help the client reconnect back to their commitment until they are able to cope with the crisis. Challenges of Using the Myer, James Moultons 7-Task Hybrid Model of Crisis Intervention The 7-stage hybrid model has two main challenges. The first challenge includes a possible maladaptation of the belief system. In this regard, clients present with assumptions that are shuttered coupled up with ambiguous losses. Clients get overwhelmed by a sense of failure and undergo self-blame, feelings of guilt and shame among others (James Gilliland, 2013). Some individuals can be desperate and hopeless during and after the crisis despite the presence of interventional attempts upon them. Spiritual distress sometimes set in and clients experience the pain of injustice, feel culturally and/or spiritually disconnected as a result of the thought of punishment for sins. The solutions to this particular challenge include first, making meaning of the trauma and loss experience to the client. The crisis worker should attempt to normalize and make the client contextualize their distress. Secondly, the crisis worker must ensure that they give a positive outlook to issues around the crisis (James Gilliland, 2013). This should be aimed at instilling hope in the client and encouraging them to commit to the intervention plan. The crisis worker should also identify the clients strengths and affirm them. As a result, the client is encouraged to use their strengths to cope with the situation. One of the crucial objectives of a crisis worker also involves making the clients understand and accept things that can never be changed in their lives (Myer et al, 2013). Further, there is need for spiritual development and sustainability, where clients need to be encouraged to trust in their faith and take part in the spiritual rituals such as prayers. Another challenge facing the 7-stage hybrid model in crisis intervention include communication problems. The risks for maladaptation of the communication strategies include receipt and sending of ambiguous information regarding the traumatic experience (Evans et al, 2011). This brings about confusion in the planning of the necessary intervention measures for every client. Sometimes the clients and families can be secretive, the information distorted and followed by denial of the events among clients. Denial implies that crisis workers cannot engage the clients due to absence of evidence. It also involves a blocked emotional sharing which is an impediment to proper psychological counseling procedures (James Gilliland, 2013). Poor communication brings about a blocked approach to solving problems and making of crucial decision. Clients cannot come up with clear decisions on how to cope with the situation due to poor communication. The solution to maladaptation of the communication strategy includes first, ensuring that information sent to clients is clear and consistent. Clarity and consistency in communication prevents confusion and helps in making clear and informed choices among clients. There is need to provide messages that clarify the traumatic experiences as a result of a crisis and any related ambiguity. This enables all parties to understand their role in the intervention program. Crisis workers should engage an open emotional expression towards the clients and thus provide responses that are empathetic (James Gilliland, 2013). Further, there is need to ensure that clients take part in proactive preparedness and in planning the intervention. In conclusion, this report presents the definition and types of psychological crises, the affective, behavioral and cognitive impacts associated with these crises and further, a description of the 7stage hybrid model for crisis intervention. It also comprise of the challenges of using this particular model to not only the crisis workers but also to the clients. Mainly, the challenges include maladaptation to the belief system and problems related to communication strategies. References Brown, S., (2007)., Counseling Victims of Violence. Alameda, CA: Hunter House Publications. (2nd edition) Buda, B. (2008). Surviving Loss and Trauma After Suicide. Crisis: The Journal Of Crisis Intervention And Suicide Prevention, 29(2), 108-109. https://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.29.2.107 Echterling, L.G., Presbury, H.H., McKee, J.E. (2006) Crisis Intervention: Promoting resilience and resolution in troubled times. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Evans, D., Hearn, M., Uhlemann, M., Ivey,A. (2011) Essential Interviewing: A programmed approach to effective communication. Belmony, CA: Brooks/Cole. (8thedition) James, R.K., Gilliland, B. E.,(2013) Crisis Intervention Strategies. Belmont, California: Brooks/Cole. (7th edition) Kendra Cherry, (2016). Common Psychological Reactions to Traumatic Events. Retrieved on 6/1/2016 https://www.verywell.com/common-reactions-to-a-crisis-2795058 Myer, R., Lewis, J., James, R. (2013). The Introduction of a Task Model for Crisis Intervention. Journal Of Mental Health Counseling, 35(2), 95-107. https://dx.doi.org/10.17744/mehc.35.2.nh322x3547475154 Walsh, F. (2007). Traumatic loss and major disasters: Strengthening family and community resilience, Family Process, 46, 207-227. Source: www.mentalhealthacademy.com.au